What is the reason for melasma?

Most of the time, it is hormonal, especially due to hormonal changes. However, whatever the reason, the sun plays the most significant role. If you expose your face to the sun, it can worsen melasma. Now, let’s first explore the causes.

The primary cause is an increase in the levels of estrogen and progesterone, which elevates a hormone called melanocyte-stimulating hormone. This, in turn, leads to an increase in melanin pigment production in our cells. As this condition is more common in females, especially during pregnancy, almost 20% to 50% of women are affected by melasma.

We also need to address other common causes of melasma, especially if it occurs in someone who is not married. This can include a history of taking oral contraceptive pills for various reasons, or thyroid abnormalities, such as hypothyroidism, which increases the likelihood of developing melasma. Additionally, it can sometimes be associated with nutritional deficiencies, like iron deficiency.

These are the different causes of melasma, and they need to be addressed through various treatment modalities.